Preface

Enterprise transformation is the microscopic behavior of macroeconomic structural adjustment, and it is also the self-adaption and adjustment of transforming enterprises in the case of variation of internal and external environment, which aims to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. The answer about how to effectively absorb the prior knowledge（intra-organizational knowledge）of enterprises and the advanced knowledge of other enterprises（inter-organizational knowledge）, which contributes to the optimization and upgrading of transforming enterprises, and improving its competitiveness and efficiency, will have the important theoretical value and practical significance for adjustment and optimization of China's industrial structure as well as for the development of transition enterprises.

This paper is the comprehensive report of NSSFC project—the research of knowledge transfer model and its application in the process of enterprise transformation. The study firstly applies methods of literature research, induction and evaluation to hierarchically summarize and comb the existing research results, and to define the concept of research object, as well as to analysis the influencing factors of knowledge transfer in transforming enterprises through the questionnaires; secondly, build the models of dynamic simulation, ecological evolution, technical reference and organizational reference of knowledge transfer in transforming enterprises by following methods of theoretical modeling, system dynamics simulation, network analysis and ecological evolution; finally, make the game analysis of knowledge transfer of transforming enterprises with the principal-agent, identify the state of the system evolution and parameters from the impact of salary incentive mechanism, build the strategic modeling of knowledge transfer in transforming enterprises, and simulate the evolution process of equilibrium point of each strategy, which is verified by the cases.

The main research contents of this comprehensive report are as follows：

（I）Study on the Formation Mechanism and the Key Influencing Factors of Knowledge Transfer process in Transforming Enterprises Enterprise transformation, for the remodeling of the core competitiveness and maintain sustainable development of enterprise, will adjust the R&D, production, operation and management of the multiple functions of the fundamental levels to meet the change of management, strategy of transformation goals, achieving the new form of enterprise, expansion of enterprise knowledge, evolution of corporate culture, long-term risk of corporate restructuring. The motivation of knowledge transfer is the result of knowledge ontology, lowering transaction costs, filling knowledge gaps, knowledge innovation goals, etc. It is transferred by the process of demand-driven of knowledge, reparation of knowledge gaps and acquisition of knowledge. The empirical studies have found that three main factors influencing the effect of knowledge transfer are the transfer object, the transferred knowledge and support platform system of enterprise. The coding ability of the source and the decoding ability of the recipient have a positive correlation with the effect of knowledge transfer. The correlation also exists with the causal models and embeddedness of the transferred knowledge, and the structural correlation between the prior and new knowledge. The factors of support platform for knowledge transfer are correlated with the effect of knowledge transfer. Among them, the significant effects which have obvious linear relationship are learning networks, knowledge embeddedness, transferring strategies, incentives, trust and commitment, the transfer will and organizational culture. They are important impacts on knowledge transfer effect.

（Ⅱ）System Simulation and Ecological Evolution of Knowledge Transfer in Transforming Enterprises

In this paper, methods like theoretical modeling and system dynamics sim ulation are set up for the transfer models of knowledge transfer in transforming enterprises, one with innovation and one without. By the series parameter settings, the two models simulate approximately the real process of knowledge transfer, and summarize some conclusions and recommendations of the results. Finally, methods like theoretical reasoning, evolutionary game and Matlab simulation, together with strategic theory models, are used to achieve the corresponding variety of game strategy, and prove the various balancing strategies. In addition, the appropriate strategies are summarized based on the corresponding policy recommendations.

（Ⅲ）Technical Reference Models of Knowledge Transfer in transformation enterprise

This paper researches the process of knowledge transfer in transforming enterprises from the technical perspective, in order to provide a reference model for the development of knowledge transfer platform, from an technical view to give support to knowledge transfer process that run efficiently. Using complex adaptive systems theory to analysis the properties of enterprises transformation's main body, and analyzing the process of enterprises transformation knowledge transfer, those analysis give good support to construct a theoretical model. Based on the research mentioned above, knowledge modeling and functional modeling is discussed. Finally, it describes the functions and contacts of each part, and builds the platform of knowledge transfer in the process of enterprise transformation from the systematically operational and technical perspective.

（IV）Organizational Reference Models of Knowledge Transfer in transformation enterprise

Firstly, the report reviews the related theories, such as the research about transformation enterprises, the research about process and the factors affecting knowledge transfer, the research about the knowledge attributes and organizational models, etc. Secondly, through the analysis of characteristics of organizational knowledge and the process of knowledge transfer, the report summarizes the required operating conditions of the characteristics, functions and infrastructure of the reference model. Again, on the basis of the former researchers, reference model is analyzed from three aspects of the knowledge, environmental and structural dimension, which is focusing on the option of the organizational labor division, communication and coordination mode and power configuration in the structural dimension. The conclusion shows that the team-based organizational structure and hypertext organizational structure most closely matches the behavior of the process.

（V）Incentive Measures and the utility of Knowledge Transfer in transformation enterprise

To ensure knowledge transfer successfully in transforming enterprises, the contract wage in the high incentive contract of the recipient should be lower than that in the low incentive contract, but the incentive coefficient in the high incentive contract should be greater than that in the low incentive contract. To lead members of the contract to apply the strategy（high motivation and strong will to transfer knowledge）, the incentive coefficient in the low incentive contract should approach to, and the contract revenue should meet（αH-αL）Iw≈（cL-cH）. It means that the transformation enterprises be in the greater emphasis on team motivation. To prevent team members from the behavior of“free riding”, enterprises can dynamically update the evaluation of knowledge transfer contribution from team members through KMS. Transformation enterprises obtain the knowledge and technology from the sources through knowledge transfer to sustain innovation ability. As the result of this kind of cross-organizational knowledge transfer, innovation performance is the utility of independent innovation capability of enterprises. Successful implementation of knowledge transfer will produce a certain effect on the production and operation of enterprises, and this utility is mainly reflected in the self-dependent innovation.

In the end, the report applies the previous theoretical research to the concrete implement of knowledge transfer in transformation enterprises, and selects the typical enterprise to verify the feasibility of the research conclusions, so as to provide the practical experience for further research.